Rahmiyati Daud1 | Bambang Subakti Zulkarnain2
1,2 Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
Email: rrahmiyatidaud@gmail.com
Abstract
Phenytoin is indicated for generalized tonic-clonic seizure, complex partial seizure (psychomotor, temporal lobes), and also preventing and treating the seizure that occurred during or after neurosurgery, with insignificant sedative effect and without hypnotic effect in high dose. Phenytoin acts as a sodium channel inhibitor by increasing the efflux and decreasing the influx of sodium ion that passing the membrane. Phenytoin has a high protein binding (90%), so hypoalbuminemia condition will affect the free drug amount in the body, while it is known that only drug that unbound by protein (free drug) who can pass through the membrane and reach its target. This causes an increasing plasma concentration and the risk of toxicity. Adjustment of phenytoin dosage is needed in this condition.
Keywords: Phenytoin, Dosage Adjustment, Hypoalbuminemia
