Analysing the Critical Success Factors in the Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Project

Abstract

Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is one of the most widely adopted technologies by organisations to streamline operations. ERP systems are comprehensive software packages composed of integrated modules—such as Human Resources, Sales, Finance, and Supply Chain—that enable cross-functional integration of transaction-based data across various business processes. Modern organisations rely on ERP to manage both internal and external information flows efficiently. However, implementing ERP systems is often complex, resource-intensive, and costly. Therefore, identifying and understanding the critical success factors for ERP implementation is essential. Several factors influence the successful deployment of ERP systems. This study focuses on seven widely recognised and relevant success factors, particularly from the perspective of MTN Telecom. These factors include: user Involvement, Teamwork and Composition, Effective Project Management, Top Management Support, Training and Education, Business Process Reengineering and Vendor Support.

The primary objectives of this study are to identify the key success factors influencing ERP implementation and to assess their relative significance. To achieve this, the research formulated hypotheses involving seven independent variables and one dependent variable, alongside corresponding research questions. A census approach was used to select participants from the MTN Telecom ERP implementation project team, consisting of 135 members. Given the manageable size of the population, all team members were included in the study. A total of 105 survey questionnaires were distributed via email, of which 102 completed responses were received and used for analysis.

Both descriptive and explanatory research designs were employed. Correlation and regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationships between the identified success variables and ERP implementation outcomes. The findings indicate that all seven factors—effective project management, top management support, training and education, vendor support, teamwork and composition, user involvement, and business process reengineering—positively and significantly contribute to the success of ERP implementation.

Moreover, regression analysis revealed that these independent variables collectively predict the success of ERP implementation, as indicated by an R-squared value of 0.769.