Authors: Deslyna Taruli Manurung1, Yulistiani2,3
1Master of Clinical Pharmacy Program, 2Clinical Pharmacy Department,
Faculty of Pharmacy Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia,
3Clinical Pharmacy Division, Airlangga Teaching Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia
Abstract
Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disease (mostly hereditary) as a result of insufficient effective insulin, either due to pancreatic beta cell dysfunction or glucose uptake in peripheral tissues, or both (DMT2), or lack of absolute insulin (DMT1), with signs of hyperglycemia and glucosuria, accompanied by acute clinical symptoms (polyuria, polydipsia, weight loss), and/or chronic or sometimes asymptomatic symptoms. Primary disorder lies in the metabolism of carbohydrates, and secondary to the metabolism of fats and proteins. Epidemiologically, it is estimated that in 2030 the prevalence of DM in Indonesia reaches 21.3 million people. Based on the results of Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) in 2007, it was found that the proportion of causes of death due to DM in the age group of 45-54 years in urban areas was second ranked (14.7%), and in rural areas sixth ranked (5.8%). According to Diabetes International Diabetes (IDF) Diabetes Atlas data, Indonesia is the seventh country with DM population in the world in 2013, after China, India, the United States, Brazil, Russia and Mexico. One of the DMT2 therapies under development includes Lixisenatide, the Glucagon Like Peptide (GLP-1) receptor agonist group. GLP-1 works by stimulating insulin secretion and lowering glucose levels, having a lower risk of hypoglycemia than the Sulfonylurea group. This article will review biopharmaceutical aspects of Lixisenatide used in DMT2 therapy. Lixisenatide was approved by the FDA in July 2016. The review results show that Lixisenatide can be used either monotherapy or add-on, by subcutaneous injection once daily.
Keywords: Diabetes Melitus Type 2, GLP-1, Lixisenatide
