Authors: Dea Ayu Nabilah1, Lelly Winduhani Astuti1, Bambang Subakti Zulkarnain2*
1Master of Clinical Pharmacy, 2Department Of Clinical Pharmacy,
Faculty of Pharmacy, Airlangga University, Surabaya, Indonesia
Email/Phone: bambang.sz@gmail.com & ndeaayu@gmail.com
Abstract
Hyperkalemia defined as a condition with serum potassium level of >5.0 mEq/L and referred as severe if >6.0 mEq/L. Basic pathogenesis of hyperkalemic states is either shifts of intracellular potassium into extracellular or disturbtion in renal excretion. The kidneys play role in potassium excretion. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) refers to an irereversible deterioration in renal function which develops over a period of years, depletion of functioning nephrons leads to reduced potassium exctretion. CKD patients less tolerant to potassium challenge due to depletion of tubular mass, increasing their risk in developing hyperkalemia. Some drugs used in CKD, such as antihypertensive, are able to block renal excretion of potassium. Overall goals of hyperkalemia management are to reverse cardiac manifestation, reducing serum potassium level and remove excess potassium. Hyperkalemia in CKD is considered as a chronic hyperkalemia, in which can be lowered slowly. The chosen therapy is to remove excess potassium using diuretics and cation exchange resins, or dialysis if needed.
Keywords: Hyperkalemia, Chronic Kidney Disease, Hyperkalemia treatment
