Authors: Maria Silfiana¹, R. Azizah²
¹Master student at Environmental Health Program, Public Health Faculty
²Head of Environmental Health Study Program
University of Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia
Email: riasilfiana80@yahoo.com
Abstract
Measles is a highly contagious viral disease which affects mostly children. In the City of Kupang, measles is still an acute health problem for the society. The outbreak or upsurge emerged in 2011 showed measles reached the peak of 169 cases. Of 169 cases, 52 measles cases happened in Oesapa Community Health Center with 22 cases of affected infants. The coverage of immunization or vaccination in Oesapa community health center in 2011 has reached UCI (Universal Child Immunization) (100%). This condition has correlation with a number of risk factors such as the level of knowledge of the mother, measles immunization status, pattern of giving exclusive breastfeeding and density of occupancy. The objective of this research is to verify the risk factors that contribute to the emergence of measles which affected children in Oesapa Community Health Center covered area. The type of research is analytic observational with case control study design, using 22 cases samples and 44 control samples. Cases samples include all measles affected children in Oesapa Community Health Center target area in 2011. Control samples include children who were not affected by measles during the period of research. The method of analysis used for the research result is Odds Ratio (OR). The research result shows that the risk factors that caused the measles are level of knowledge of mother is OR = 5,714 (95% CI: 1, 872 – 17, 440); measles immunization status 46,467 (95% CI: 9,972 – 216,526); the pattern of giving exclusive breastfeeding 4,080 (95% CI: 1,279 – 13,019); and dwelling density3,509 (95% CI : 1,154 – 10, 666). It is recommended that the parents need to isolate the measles affected children, carry out additional immunization, increase the volume of giving exclusive breastfeeding, use house ventilation to reduce the risk of density, keep the report and record cases accurately, and disseminate information on measles to the community.
Key Words: Risk Factors, Measles.
